Dau Pagoda

1. Overview

Dâu Pagoda (Vietnamese: Chùa Dâu) is one of the most historically and spiritually significant Buddhist temples in Vietnam. Located in Thanh Khương Commune, Thuận Thành District, Bắc Ninh Province, it is often considered the oldest Buddhist pagoda in Vietnam, dating back to the 3rd century AD.

This ancient pagoda is not only a place of worship but also a valuable cultural and historical site that reflects the early development of Buddhism in Vietnam.

2. Historical Significance

• Dâu Pagoda was built around 187–226 AD, during the time when Buddhism first began to spread into Vietnam from India and China.

• It is believed to have been constructed under the direction of Indian monk Kang Senghui, who came to teach and promote Buddhism in the region.

• The pagoda is dedicated to the Four Dharma Goddesses (Tứ Pháp): Pháp Vân (clouds), Pháp Vũ (rain), Pháp Lôi (thunder), and Pháp Điện (lightning). These deities represent natural elements and were later merged into Vietnamese folk beliefs.

3. Architectural Features

Despite many restorations over centuries, Dâu Pagoda still preserves its traditional architectural beauty:

• Hoa Phong Tower:
  A 9-meter-high brick tower built in the 14th century (during the Tran Dynasty). This is the most iconic structure of the pagoda, standing tall as a symbol of longevity and enlightenment.

• Main Hall:
  The worship space features statues of the Four Dharma Goddesses and Buddhist deities. The wood carvings and stone sculptures are finely detailed, reflecting the craftsmanship of various dynasties.

• Ancient relics:
  The pagoda houses many valuable relics, including ancient statues, steles, bells, and inscriptions, which are important for both religious and historical studies.

4. Cultural Importance

• Dâu Pagoda is not just a religious site, but also a cultural symbol of Bắc Ninh. It represents the fusion between early Buddhism and Vietnamese folk traditions.

• It is a pilgrimage destination for Buddhists from all over Vietnam.

• The pagoda played a key role in the introduction and development of Mahayana Buddhism in the Red River Delta region.

5. Dâu Pagoda Festival

• Held annually on the 8th day of the 4th lunar month, this is one of the oldest Buddhist festivals in Vietnam.

• The festival includes traditional rituals, processions, and folk performances, attracting thousands of visitors and devotees.

• It is not only a religious occasion but also a vibrant display of local culture, music, and spirituality.

6. How to Visit

• Location: Thanh Khương Commune, Thuận Thành District, Bắc Ninh Province (about 30 km from Hanoi).

• Best time to visit: During the spring or during the Dâu Festival.

• What to do: Explore the ancient structures, learn about Buddhist history, and experience the spiritual atmosphere.

Conclusion

Dâu Pagoda is not only the oldest Buddhist temple in Vietnam but also a symbol of the nation’s religious and cultural heritage. Visiting Dâu Pagoda is like stepping back in time to witness the beginnings of Buddhism in Vietnam and to appreciate the deep connection between spirituality and tradition.